The Trickster of Seville was published in Spain around 1630, but may have been first performed as early as 1616 (there are no clear records). It’s the earliest fully developed theatrical version of the Don Juan legend.
When Molina was writing The Trickster of Seville, it was the time of the Spanish Golden Age, also known as the Age of Expansion, which was when Spain was ruled by the Hasburg Dynasty.
From 1625 to 1630, Spain was involved in the Anglo-Spanish War (part of Eighty Years War and Thirty Years War) between Spain and Kingdom of England & United Provinces. It was initially started due to conflict between Catholics and Protestants, but ended up evolving into a political conflict which had more to do with the France- Hasburg rivalry than anything else. It raged between 1618 and 1648, involved most of the countries in Europe, and proved to be one of the bloodiest and most destructive conflicts Europe ever encountered until the twentieth century.
Philip IV of Spain (also known as Philip III of Portugal) was the king of Spain and Portugal during the decline of Spain as a great world power in the 1600s. He is remembered for his failed struggle to revive Spain's prominence during the Thirty Years War, and for his patronage of the arts.
Sexual behavior in 17th-century Spain was one of the only aspects of the culture that didn’t revolve around Catholic doctrine. They “transformed” women who had committed the crime of premarital sex through “seduction trials”, which tacitly allowed Spanish men and women more leeway in their sexual lives.